Install Profiles

When you first install Drupal 7, you will have a choice of install profiles(minimal or standard). All this does is enable some of the core modules at install time so you don't have the enable them manually.
The choice depends on what type of site you will be building. Possibly in the future the install profiles will make sense.. But it's a bran new feature that really doesn't do much..YET.

Before you get lots of questions which to use.. You can enable all the modules included with core after install at any time. BOTH install profiles have all the core modules available for future use.

The Minimal profile Includes:
Drupal core
block
dblog

The Standard Profile Includes:
Drupal core
block  --allows the creation of custom blocks
color --for setting color in the theme
comment  --allows for comments on the site
contextual  --Provides contextual links to perform actions related to elements on a page.
dashboard  --the site control new dashboard
help  --Manages the display of online help
image  --the new built-in image module
menu  --allows custom menus to be created and customize the site navigation menu.
path  --allows setting the path of pages and/or nodes
taxonomy  --allows vocabularies for assigning and classifying content
dblog  --a database log of system events
search  --allows for searching the site
shortcut  --Allows users to manage customizable lists of shortcut links.
toolbar  --Provides a toolbar with administration menu items.. The admin_menu module is better and faster..
overlay  --Displays the Drupal administration interface in an overlay.
field_ui  --User Interface for the Field API.
file  --Defines a file field type.
rdf  --Enriches your content with metadata to let other applications (e.g. search engines, aggregators) better understand its relationships and attributes.